1,5 milioane dependenţi de heroină

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#1 Cornelia Vodoiu 9.03.2010 22:24

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HAIDETI SA GLOBALIZAM EDUCATIA! Tara care investeste in EDUCATIE, investeste in SIGURANTA NATIONALA! Chimia nu este nici COMUNISTA, nici CAPITALISTA.Chimia inseamna VIATA SI MOARTE, PACE SI RAZBOI. In scoala romaneasca am invatat sa aparam VIATA SI PACEA.
A.“HEROINA, diacetilmorfina, derivat de semisinteza si interzisa ca medicament, este cel mai puternic dintre derivatii morfinei, inducand cu foarte mare usurinta HEROINOMANIA, o toxicomanie mai grava decat morfinomania, fiind ultimul drog la care recurg toxicomanii. Se biotransforma prin dezacetilare, formandu-se acetilmorfina si morfina care se conjuga si se elimina renal.DOZA LETALA pentru adult este apreciata la 0.10 g. Caracteristici heroinomaniei sunt asemanatoare morfinomaniei, dar mult mai grave, efectul euforizant fiind mult mai puternic. Pericolul cel mai mare pentru sanatatea bolnavului este supradozarea, care poate conduce la deces consecutiv deprimarii centrilor respiratori si edemului pulmonar. Sindromul de abstinenta este deosebit de grav. » Martian Cotrau, Lidia Popa, Teodor Stan, Nicolae Preda, Maria Kincses-Ajtay –Toxiclogie-Ed.Didactica si Pedagogica, Bucuresti, 1991, p.172
B.« HEROIN : Semisynthetic drug from morphine.Discovered in 1874, it was introduced commercially in 1898 by the MAYER Company in Germany. The name HEROIN was coined from the German heroisch meaning heroic, strong.HEROIN is stronger (more potent) then morphine. HEROIN ADDICTION hysical addiction to HEROIN, often with concurrent use of other opiates when HEROIN itself is not available.Treatment is by withdrawal , either gradual or sudden. Medication may be used to ease the physical effects of withdrawal , which include cramping , nausea, and intense craving.Opiate blocker drugs , such as REBOXETINE (brand name :ReVia) may be used to speed up the withdrawal process and assist the addict with maintaining compliance.Conselling , 12-step groups such as NARCOTICS ANONYMOUS, nutritional support, and often antidepressant medication to help re-regulate the nervous system are helpful adjunct treatments.Another method of treating addiction is prescribing METHADONE, synthetic opioid liquid , as a substitute for HEROIN. In European countries HEROIN itself is prescribed for addicts. « SOURCE : MedicineNet.
C.« Heroin (diacetylmorphine) is a derivative of the painkiller morphine and is the most commonly abused of the so-called opiate drugs.heroin abuse peaked during the 1960s and gradually declined in the U.S. during the following two decades as the dangers of this drug became more apparent and the use of other drugs , especially cocaine , was on the rise. The 1990s, however , ushered in another period of increased heroin use.A survey conducted in 1998 (The National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) revealed that an estimated 2,4 million people in the U.S. had used heroin at some point in their lives. Heroin and other opiates act on specific molecules in the brain (receptors) which lead to the sedative euphoric , and analgesic effects of the drugs.After a dose of heroin its action lasts for about four to five hours.A person can develop tolerance of the effects of opiate drugs and therefore requires greater and greater doses of the drug to achieve an effect. Physical dependence upon the drug can occur after one to two weeks of daily use.Heroin addicts are always at risk for overdose leading to death and severe withdrawal symptoms occur when use of the drug is discontinued. Experts note that certain life situations and psychosocial factors can be associated with an increased risk for relapse in heroin addicts.These include : a) Psychological stress – Many doctors feel that stress is the number one predictor of relapse in drug addicts. In a study of opiate addicts , high levels of stress were strongly predictive of continued drug use. Studies with animals have also confirmed that stress can lead to relapse of drug –seeking behavior. B) Negative emotional states, including depression ; c) Interpersonal problems ; d) Lack of social support ; e) Poor coping effots ; f) Decreased commitment to abstinence. Reference :Stress and Substance Abuse : A Special report , U.S. NIDA (NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE).] Medical Author : Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, ; Medical Editor :Dennis Lee, MD – « Heroin Addiction and Predictions of Relapse ».
Cu respect pentru OM, profesor+chimist+ofiter Cornelia Vodoiu, promotia de absolventi 1982.

 

#2 calache 10.03.2010 08:11

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http://www.curentul.ro/2010/index.php/2010030840791/Social/Vasluian-decedat-in-asteptarea-ambulantei-inzapezita.html

 

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